DXCC Changes 1992-1995

Changes from 1992 to 1995 Entities January 1992: Active 323, Deleted: 54, Withdrawn 9 A bit of Yugoslavian History Yugoslavia came into existence after World War I in 1918 as the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes by the merger of the provisional State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs and constituted the first union of the South Slavic people as a sovereign state.. Peter I of Serbia was its first sovereign. The kingdom gained international recognition on 13 July 1922 at the Conference of Ambassadors in Paris. The official name of the state was changed to Kingdom of Yugoslavia on 3 October 1929. In World War II, a Democratic Federal Yugoslavia was proclaime in 1943 by the Partisan resistance. In 1944. King Peter II, then living in exile, recognised it as the legitimate government. The monarchy was subsequently abolished in November 1945. Yugoslavia was renamed the Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia in 1946, when a communist government was established. It acquired the territories of Istria, Rijeka, and Zadar from Italy. Partisan leader Josip Broz Tito ruled the country as president until his death in 1980. In 1963, the country changed its name in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY). The six constituent republics that made up the SFRY were Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia, and Slovenia. Serbia contained two Socialist Autonomous Provinces, Vojvodina and Kosovo, which after 1974 were largely equal to the other members of the federation. After an economic and political crisis in the 1980s and the rise of nationalism, Yugoslavia broke up along its republics' borders. After Tito's death, Milošević made his way to becoming the next superior figure and political official for Serbia. Following the first multi-party election results, in the autumn of 1990, the republics of Slovenia and Croatia proposed transforming Yugoslavia into a loose confederation of six republics. By this proposal, republics would have right to self-determination. However Milošević rejected all such proposals, arguing that like Slovenes and Croats, the Serbs (having in mind Croatian Serbs) should also have a right to self-determination. On 9 March 1991, demonstrations were held against Slobodan Milošević in Belgrade, but the police and the military were deployed in the streets to restore order, killing two people. In late March 1991, the Plitvice Lakes incident was one of the first sparks of open war in Croatia. The Yugoslav People's Army (JNA), whose superior officers were mainly of Serbian ethnicity, maintained an impression of being neutral, but as time went on, they got more and more involved in state politics. On 25 June 1991, Slovenia and Croatia became the first republics to declare independence from Yugoslavia. The federal customs officers in Slovenia on the border crossings with Italy, Austria, and Hungary mainly just changed uniforms since most of them were local Slovenes. The following day (26 June), the Federal Executive Council specifically ordered the army to take control of the "internationally recognized borders", leading to the Ten-Day War. As Slovenia and Croatia fought towards independence, the Serbian and Croatian forces indulged into a violent and perilous rivalry. Yugoslavia is falling apart, 3 New DXCC Entities Yugoslavia was a burning crucible. On June 25, 1991, Croatia (9A) and Slovenia (S5) decleared themselves independent. On June 26, 1991, a mutual recognition agreement was signed by both countries. QSOs with Croatia (9A) en Slovenia (S5) count from June 26, 1991 for DXCC Bosnia Herzegovina (T9) decleared themselves an independent country on October 15, 1991. A referendum for independency followed on March 1, 1992. The first prefix used for Bosnia-Herzegovina was T9. The prefix changed to E7 in 2007. On May 22,2007 Bosnia-Herzegovina became a member of the United Nations. QSOs with Bosnia-Herzegovina (T9) count from October 15, 1991 for DXCC Macedonia (Z3) decleared themselves an independent country on September 8,1991. Macedonia was renamed in Northern Macedonia after complaints of Greece. QSOs with North Macedonia.(Z3) count from September 8, 1991 for DXCC Entities January 1993: Active 326, Deleted: 55, Withdrawn 9 A peacefull split of a country Czechoslovakia did also split in 1992. This case however was peaceable. The separation into two countries happened on January 1, 1993. This means that Czechoslovakia became a deleted country end of 1992 QSOs with Czechoslovakia .(OK) count for DXCC until December 31, 1992 On Newyearsday 1993 Czech Republic (OK) (the old regions of Bohemia and Moravia) and Slovak Republic (OM) were added to the DXCC list. QSOs with Czech republic (OK) and Slovak Republic (OM) count from January 1, 1993 for DXCC Entities January 1994: Active 328, Deleted: 55, Withdrawn 9 Namibia gets more surface In 1990 South-West Africa gained independence as Namibia. The Penguin Islands remained under South African sovereignty, thus letting it retain an Exclusive Economic Zone off the Namibian coast. After further negotiation, at midnight on 28 February 1994 sovereignty over the islands, as well as Walvis Bay, was transferred to Namibia. Because of this move Walvis Bay (ZS9) and Penguin Islands (ZS9/1) were removed from the DXCC list and added to the deleted list. QSOs with Walvis Bay (ZS9) count from September 1, 1977 until February 28, 1994. QSOs with Penguin Islands (ZS0/1) count until Februari 28,1994. Entities January 1995: Active 326, Deleted: 57, Withdrawn 9 P5, DPR of Korea hit the DXCC world Before WWII the whole area was "Korea," (prefix J8) but after the War it became two new political countries that hadn't existed before, North Korea and South Korea. The picture to the right shows the shack of J8CD, operating from Pyenyang, Korea. The wall of the shack is covered by QSL cards. One of them shows the QSL from Ed, PA0XF In 1991 North Korea (DPR of Korea) and South Korea (republic of Korea) became members of the United Nations. After the death of Kim-II-Sung in 1994, his son, Kim Jong-il, became the Political leader of the DPRK. But the date that the DPR of Korea was added to the DXCC list was May 14, 1995, the day that Marttii Laine, OH2BH and Olli RissanenOH0XX were allowed to make a few QSOs (8 on SSB and 12 on CW) as P5/OH2AM. QSOs with DPR of Korea (P5) count from May 14, 1995 for DXCC. In 1999, Martii Laine was again in North Korea. This time he was able to make 263 QSOs. Read the article on Hamgallery.com Entities December 1995: Active 327, Deleted: 57, Withdrawn 9